Fever is a temporary increase in body temperature, often due to an underlying infection or illness. It is a common symptom that indicates the body's immune system is fighting off invaders like bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. A normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C), but a fever is usually defined as a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C).
Causes of Fever: Fever can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections (such as the flu, colds, or urinary tract infections), inflammatory conditions, heat exhaustion, certain medications, or vaccines. In some cases, a fever may have no clear cause, known as a fever of unknown origin (FUO).
Symptoms of Fever: In addition to an elevated temperature, symptoms of fever may include sweating, chills, headache, muscle aches, loss of appetite, irritability, and dehydration. In children, fevers may cause them to be more tired or fussy than usual.
When to Seek Medical Help: While most fevers are not dangerous and resolve on their own, it's important to know when to seek medical attention. You should contact a healthcare provider if:
- A fever lasts more than three days.
- The fever is very high (above 103°F or 39.4°C).
- There are accompanying symptoms like severe headache, rash, stiff neck, shortness of breath, or chest pain.
- The fever occurs in a very young child (especially under three months old).
Managing Fever: Fever can often be managed at home with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen to reduce discomfort. Keeping the environment cool and dressing in light clothing can also help.
In conclusion, fever is a common and often manageable symptom that signals an underlying condition. While it usually resolves on its own, understanding when to seek medical help is crucial to ensuring proper care.